Common Toilet Problems
Leaks
The most common point where a toilet leaks is at the junction between the toilet base and the floor. The base of the toilet has a ringed opening that fits into the sewer or septic plumbing called the toilet flange. The flange is a recessed ring that is attached to the sub-flooring and floor framing. To seal the connection, a large ring of beeswax (old method) or heavy petroleum wax (newer method), which acts as a compression gasket, is placed between the toilet and flange to prevent liquid and gas from leaking. The toilet bowl is then secured to the floor with two bolts, located on the left and right side of the base.
| Applying excessive or uneven pressure can cause the petroleum seal to become deformed and the connection to become loose and leak. Since these gaskets are not elastic, they do not have a “memory.” (When compressed, the seal keeps the compressed shape and does not return to its original shape.) So by applying an uneven or excessive pressure to the bowl, the wax ring becomes deformed and no longer seals the connection. |
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| Small failures of the seal will result in small leaks. Larger problems with the seal will be evident by the ability to move the toilet bowl side to side in a rocking motion. To fix the problem, completely replace the wax ring. Additional repairs may be needed if any damage to the subflooring, framing or piping is found. Rubber gaskets with a "memory" are available on the market but are not widely used. |
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Other leaks may develop if the bowl or tank cracks, or if the junction between the tank and bowl (two-piece) fails. Leaks between the tank and bowl occur when the bolts securing the tank to the bowl become loose or when the rubber "O" ring gasket that seals the connection rots or tears. To fix the problem, replace the rubber "O" ring gasket or tighten the bolt. Cracked toilets need to be replaced. (Note: Over-tightening of bolts may crack the toilet.)
Flush Valve Mechanism
Another common toilet problem is the tank constantly refilling The constant refilling occurs when the flap does not properly seal with the flush seat. This is caused by sediment or film build-up at the opening or by the flap becoming damaged or deformed. To fix, simply clean the opening and/or replace the flap.
If the handle used to flush the toilet no longer works, the chain or string that connects to the flap may be broken. When the handle is pressed, the chain lifts the flap, allowing the water to enter the bowl. The chain or string may wear out over time. To fix, replace the chain.
